Alsace is the fifth-smallest of the 27 regions of France in land area (8,280 km²), and the smallest in metropolitan France. It is also the seventh-most densely populated region in France and third most densely populated region in metropolitan France, with ca. 220 inhabitants per km². Historically and in identity one of the most vital parts of Lorraine (duchy), Alsace is located on France's eastern border and on the west bank of the upper Rhine adjacent to Germany and Switzerland. However, as far as the division of France into official politically administered "regions" goes, historical decisions, wars, and strategic politics, resulted in Alsace now being administered separately as its own "region" within the Republic of France. The political, economic and cultural capital as well as largest city of Alsace is Strasbourg. Because that city is the seat of dozens of international organizations and bodies, Alsace is politically one of the two important regions in the European Union.

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